Posible primer caso de enfermedad de ‘vacas locas’ en Colombia
Una paciente internada en un centro asistencial de Cali podría convertirse en el primer caso de la ‘enfermedad de las vacas locas' en Colombia, de acuerdo con los exámenes especializados que le fueron practicados por el Instituto de Referencia Andino.
Martha Pérez, hermana de paciente de 61 años, aseguró que “nos llegaron los exámenes que se le han hecho a mi hermana diciendo que ella tiene la peste de las ‘vacas locas’. Las primeras personas que han estado revisando esos exámenes dicen que es el primer caso en Colombia, y que si ella está contagiada es por la carne y la leche que consumió en el país”.
No obstante, fuentes del Ministerio de Salud consultadas por Colprensa descartaron de plano la presencia en el país de esta enfermedad, hasta ahora solo detectada en algunos países de Europa, y advirtieron que el tema “no debe ser motivo de preocupación”.
Sin embargo, dijeron que el tema está siendo “revisado” y que esta tarde “habrá un pronunciamiento oficial” sobre el tema.
Hasta el momento, la clínica de la capital del Valle del Cauca, en donde permanece recluida la paciente, no ha hecho comentarios sobre el estado de salud de la mujer afectada.
La ‘enfermedad de las vacas locas’, cuyo nombre científico es Creutzfeldt-Jakob (ECJ), aún no tiene certezas sobre el modo en cómo se contrae, pero los recientes estudios apuntan a que se debe al consumo de carne contaminada con la enfermedad, o por transfusiones de sangre.
Pérez dijo que su hermana nunca ha viajado a Europa (continente donde ya se han reportado algunos casos) y que si, en efecto, se contagió, fue por lo que consumió en Colombia.
“Ella no puede hablar porque está como en estado de coma, no ha ido a Europa, supuestamente eso solo se da allá, pero aquí en Suramérica ella fue hace como un año a Guayaquil”, aseguró.
Y contó que su familiar comenzó a sentirse mal: en principio presentó entumecimiento de los músculos de las piernas acompañado de intenso dolor; luego empezó a presentar oscurecimiento de la visión y pérdida del equilibrio. A todo ello se agregan síntomas como vómito, desorientación y mareo, por lo que fue llevada de urgencias al médico.
“Aquí en Colombia nos dijeron que ella estaba sana de todo. En Bogotá y Medellín, todo salía negativo, no le salía nada. Decidimos mandar el caso a Estados Unidos para que lo estudiaran allá y nos llegaron los resultados de estos exámenes en los que dice que ella tiene la peste de las ‘vacas locas’”, agregó Martha Pérez.
En lo últimos años se han presentado casos de estos en Gran Bretaña, Portugal, Irlanda y Francia, así como otros casos esporádicos en otros países europeos, en los cuales los pacientes han muerto por deficiencias en sus sistema nervioso.
Recientemente el equipo Analítico de Protección de la Salud del Gobierno del Reino Unido indicó que algo más de mil británicos podrían morir en ese país a causa de la enfermedad. El informe también advirtió que algunos expertos estiman que 30 mil ciudadanos de esa nación podrían ser portadores de la enfermedad.
Publicada por
COLPRENSA
http://www.vanguardia.com/actualidad/colombia/208988-posible-primer-caso-de-enfermedad-de-vacas-locas-en-colombia
CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB DISEASE - COLOMBIA: VARIANT CJD SUSPECTED
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A ProMED-mail post
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International Society for Infectious Diseases
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Date: Mon 20 May 2013
Source: La Vanguardia, Colprensa report [in Spanish, trans.
Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ, edited]
http://www.vanguardia.com/actualidad/colombia/208988-posible-primer-caso-de-enfermedad-de-vacas-locas-en-colombia
Suspected human case of 'Mad cow disease'
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A 61-year-old woman who was admitted to a hospital in Cali could be the 1st case of 'mad cow disease' [variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)] in Colombia, according to specialized tests performed by the Instituto de Referencia Andino [laboratory in Colombia].
The patient's sister said, "The results of tests done on my sister say she has 'mad cow disease'. The persons who reviewed the tests initially say it is the 1st case in Colombia, and if she is infected it would have been through meat and milk consumed in the country."
However, sources from the Ministry of Health consulted by Colprensa ruled out the presence of this disease in the country and warned that this "should not be a matter for concern." Nonetheless, they said the issue is being "reviewed" and "an official statement" on the subject will be issued this afternoon [20 May 2013]. So far, the clinic in the capital of Valle del Cauca, where the patient remains hospitalized, has not commented on her condition.
How 'mad cow disease', whose scientific name is [variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD)], is contracted has not been fully ascertained, but recent studies suggest that it is through consumption of meat contaminated with the [the prion causing the disease], or through blood transfusions.
The patient's sister said the woman has never traveled to Europe (where cases have been reported) and if, in fact she became infected, it had to be through something she ate in Colombia. "She can not speak because she is in a comatose state, but she has not traveled to Europe where supposedly the disease only occurs, but about a year ago she went to Guayaquil (Ecuador]," she said.
The woman said initially her sister presented numbness of the muscles of the legs accompanied by intense pain, followed by dimness of vision and loss of balance, in addition to other symptoms such as vomiting, disorientation, and dizziness, for which she was taken to the emergency service.
"In Colombia we were told she was completely healthy. In Bogota and Medellin all tests were negative. We decided to send the case to the USA for further exploration and the results we received said she has 'mad cow disease'."
In recent years cases have been reported in Britain, Portugal, Ireland, and France, and sporadic cases have been reported in other European countries, in which patients have died from damage to their nervous systems.
The UK Health Protection Agency recently indicated that more than 1000 Britons could die in the UK because of the disease. The report also warned that some experts estimate that 30 000 citizens of that country could be carriers of the disease.
--
Communicated by: ProMED-mail from HealthMap alerts
promed@promedmail.org
[CJD (Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease) is a rare illness and is one of a group of neurological diseases called prion diseases, which affect [both] humans and animals. Prion diseases exist in different forms, all of which are progressive, currently untreatable and ultimately fatal. Their name arises because they are associated with an alteration in a naturally occurring protein: the prion protein.
CJD was first described in 1920. The commonest form is called sporadic CJD and occurs worldwide, causing around 1-2 deaths per million population per year. A new form of CJD (called variant Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease, vCJD) linked to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle was identified in 1996. There are also inherited forms of human prion disease linked to mutations of the prion protein gene and cases caused by infection via medical or surgical treatments (iatrogenic CJD).
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is a rare and fatal human neurodegenerative condition which is classified as a Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) because of its ability to be transmitted and the characteristic spongy degeneration of the brain that it causes. vCJD was first described in the United Kingdom in March 1996 and has been linked with exposure to a TSE of cattle called Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), also known as Classical BSE1, which was first reported in the United Kingdom in 1986. In contrast to the traditional forms of CJD, vCJD has affected younger patients (median age at death of 28 years, as opposed to 68 years) and has a relatively longer duration of illness (median of 14 months as opposed to 4.5 months). vCJD was associated with the consumption of meat from BSE-infected cattle.
From October 1996 to March 2011, 176 cases of vCJD have been reported in the United Kingdom, 25 in France, 5 in Spain, 4 in Ireland, 3 each in the Netherlands and the United States of America (USA), 2 each in Canada, Italy and Portugal, and one each in Japan, Saudi Arabia and Taiwan. The number of cases of vCJD in the United Kingdom peaked in 2000 with 28 deaths and then gradually declined. No cases have been confirmed in the UK since 2011.
It is likely that the patient in Colombia has contracted the sporadic form of CJD, or more rarely is expressing a genetic form of the disease. A conclusive diagnosis will require precise molecular characterisation of the patient's prion protein, and is a matter of considerable general interest. - Mod.CP.
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UPDATE MAY 23, 2013
The results of the tests of laboratory to determine if the patient
hospitalized at a clinic in the capital of Valle suffers or not the
illness determined that it does not meet the criteria for case.
It is worth clarifying that Colombia has no confirmed cases of disease of
New type Variant in humans, considered how Creutzfeldt-Jakob
transmissible, or cases of bovine spongiform encephalopathy.
-----Original Message-----
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
Sent: Thursday, May 23, 2013 10:05 AM
To: promedNOREPLY@promed.isid.harvard.edu ; promed-ahead-edr@promedmail.org
Cc: ProMed ProMed
Subject: Re: PRO/AH/EDR> Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease - Colombia: variant CJD suspected
Descartan dos casos de enfermedad de las ‘vacas locas’ en Valle del Cauca
Inicio
21/05/2013 Boletín de Prensa No 142 de 2013 Contenido de la página
- Análisis determinaron que la muerte de un hombre de 73 años no correspondió a esta enfermedad, pese a que su caso fue notificado como uno probable de enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jacob.
Bogotá, D.C., 20 de mayo de 2013.- El Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social informa que tras la práctica de la necropsia y los exámenes de laboratorio e imágenes diagnósticas a un hombre de 73 años fallecido en abril pasado, se descartó el registro de un caso de la enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jacob, conocida como enfermedad de las ‘vacas locas’.
Según información del Instituto Nacional de Salud, esas pruebas fueron concluyentes al determinar que esta persona no cumplía los criterios de caso para la nueva variante de esta enfermedad, ya que los hallazgos apuntan a un deterioro neurológico progresivo, conocido comúnmente como demencia senil, diagnóstico apoyado en los antecedentes médicos de esa persona.
El Instituto Nacional de Salud también descartó la presencia de esta enfermedad en una paciente proveniente del Caquetá que estuvo hospitalizada en un centro asistencial en la ciudad de Cali.
Los resultados de los exámenes de laboratorio para determinar si la paciente hospitalizada en una clínica de la capital vallecaucana padece o no la enfermedad determinaron que no cumple con los criterios de caso.
Vale la pena aclarar que Colombia no ha confirmado casos de enfermedad de Creutzfeldt-Jakob de tipo nueva variante en humanos, considerada la forma transmisible, ni casos de encefalopatía espongiforme bovina.
Actualmente en nuestro país la encefalopatía espongiforme bovina está considerada como una enfermedad exótica, o que se podría presentar muy raramente, en especies aptas para consumo humano.
Estas enfermedades no se adquieren fácilmente. No se ha demostrado que las encefalopatías espongiformes puedan transmitirse a través del contacto persona-persona y no existe hasta la fecha ningún caso confirmado en humanos que haya sido adquirido mediante incidente ocupacional.
http://www.minsalud.gov.co/Paginas/vacas-locas-en-Valle-del-Cauca.aspx
THE ANALYSIS
Colombia was exposed to a negligible external challenge until 1987 and to a low external challenge since 1988 due to imports of live cattle from countries other than UK affected by BSE. For the large majority of these imported cattle their fate after import is not known. Small amounts of MBM, MM, BM and greaves were imported after 1988, posing only a negligible challenge. It is concluded that it is possible that the BSE agent was imported into the country via live cattle imports.
The BSE/cattle system of Colombia was and is very unstable. MBM may have been fed to cattle, as there was no feed ban until March 2001. Only part of the rendering in the country is carried out under conditions that could be equivalent to the 133°C/20min/3bar standard. SRM from animals fit for human consumption are eaten by man but SRM included in condemned materials or in animals that are dead at arrival at the slaughterhouse will be rendered. BSE-surveillance is very poor.
As it cannot be excluded that the BSE-agent entered the country via the cattle imports and met the very unstable system, it is concluded that it is unlikely but not excluded that one or several cattle that are (pre-clinically or clinically) infected with the BSE agent are currently present in the domestic herd of Colombia (GBR-II). Given the very unstable system the GBR would increase in the future, if BSE were indeed already in the country, even without any further external challenges. A summary of the reasons for the current assessment is given in annex 1 to this opinion.
A detailed report on the assessment of the GBR of Colombia is published separately on the Internet. It was produced by the GBR-task force of the SSC-secretariat and peer reviewed by the GBR-Peer group. The country had two opportunities to comment on different drafts of the report before the SSC took both, the report and the comments, into account for producing this opinion. The SSC appreciates the cooperation of the country’s authorities.
http://ec.europa.eu/food/fs/sc/ssc/out186_en.pdf
(4) Decision 2007/453/EC currently lists Finland and Sweden as having a negligible BSE risk and all other Member States as having a controlled BSE risk. It also lists the BSE status of third countries. In May 2009, the OIE adopted Resolution No XXII — Recognition of the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Risk Status of Members. That Resolution recognised Chile as having a negligible BSE risk and Colombia and Japan as having a controlled BSE risk. The list in Decision 2007/453/EC should therefore be amended to be brought into line with that Resolution as regards those three third countries. However, pending a final conclusion of the OIE on the BSE risk status of all Member States and taking into account the harmonised stringent BSE protective measures applied within the Community, no changes should at present be made as regards the recognised BSE status of the Member States.
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:295:0011:0013:EN:PDF
snip...see full text and more here ;
http://docket-aphis-2006-0041.blogspot.com/2009/11/bse-gbr-risk-assessments-update.html
Monday, October 10, 2011
EFSA Journal 2011 The European Response to BSE: A Success Story
snip...
EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) recently delivered a scientific opinion on any possible epidemiological or molecular association between TSEs in animals and humans (EFSA Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) and ECDC, 2011). This opinion confirmed Classical BSE prions as the only TSE agents demonstrated to be zoonotic so far but the possibility that a small proportion of human cases so far classified as "sporadic" CJD are of zoonotic origin could not be excluded. Moreover, transmission experiments to non-human primates suggest that some TSE agents in addition to Classical BSE prions in cattle (namely L-type Atypical BSE, Classical BSE in sheep, transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) and chronic wasting disease (CWD) agents) might have zoonotic potential.
snip...
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/pub/e991.htm?emt=1
http://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/efsajournal/doc/e991.pdf
Thursday, August 12, 2010
Seven main threats for the future linked to prions
First threat
The TSE road map defining the evolution of European policy for protection against prion diseases is based on a certain numbers of hypotheses some of which may turn out to be erroneous. In particular, a form of BSE (called atypical Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy), recently identified by systematic testing in aged cattle without clinical signs, may be the origin of classical BSE and thus potentially constitute a reservoir, which may be impossible to eradicate if a sporadic origin is confirmed.
***Also, a link is suspected between atypical BSE and some apparently sporadic cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in humans. These atypical BSE cases constitute an unforeseen first threat that could sharply modify the European approach to prion diseases.
Second threat
snip...
http://www.neuroprion.org/en/np-neuroprion.html
http://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2013/02/the-many-faces-of-mad-cow-disease.html
Sunday, May 19, 2013
CJD BLOOD SCREENING, DONORS, AND SILENT CARRIERS House of Commons Written Answers 16 May 2013
http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2013/05/cjd-blood-screening-donors-and-silent.html
Monday, May 6, 2013
Warning of mad cow disease threat to blood transfusions
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2013/05/warning-of-mad-cow-disease-threat-to.html
Tuesday, April 30, 2013
Mad cow infected blood 'to kill 1,000’
http://vcjdtransfusion.blogspot.com/2013/04/mad-cow-infected-blood-to-kill-1000.html
Friday, June 29, 2012
Highly Efficient Prion Transmission by Blood Transfusion
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2012/06/highly-efficient-prion-transmission-by.html
Tuesday, March 5, 2013
Use of Materials Derived From Cattle in Human Food and Cosmetics; Reopening of the Comment Period FDA-2004-N-0188-0051 (TSS SUBMISSION)
FDA believes current regulation protects the public from BSE but reopens comment period due to new studies
http://transmissiblespongiformencephalopathy.blogspot.com/2013/03/use-of-materials-derived-from-cattle-in_6452.html
Tuesday, March 05, 2013
A closer look at prion strains Characterization and important implications Prion
7:2, 99–108; March/April 2013; © 2013 Landes Bioscience
http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2013/03/a-closer-look-at-prion-strains.html
Sunday, February 10, 2013
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) biannual update (February 2013) Infection report/CJD
http://creutzfeldt-jakob-disease.blogspot.com/2013/02/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd-biannual.html
Tuesday, May 7, 2013
Proteinopathies, a core concept for understanding and ultimately treating degenerative disorders?
http://proteinopathies.blogspot.com/2013/05/proteinopathies-core-concept-for.html
Friday, April 19, 2013
APHIS 2013 Stakeholder Meeting (March 2013) BSE TSE PRION
http://madcowusda.blogspot.com/2013/04/aphis-2013-stakeholder-meeting-march.html
Tuesday, November 02, 2010
BSE - ATYPICAL LESION DISTRIBUTION (RBSE 92-21367) statutory (obex only) diagnostic criteria CVL 1992
http://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2010/11/bse-atypical-lesion-distribution-rbse.html
Saturday, December 15, 2012
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: the effect of oral exposure dose on attack rate and incubation period in cattle -- an update 5 December 2012
http://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2012/12/bovine-spongiform-encephalopathy-effect.html
Thursday, February 14, 2013
The Many Faces of Mad Cow Disease Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy BSE and TSE prion disease
http://bse-atypical.blogspot.com/2013/02/the-many-faces-of-mad-cow-disease.html
TSS